Relaxin
Relaxin is a hormone found in the human body. It is secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary and, during pregnancy, the placenta, chorion, and decidua. Relaxin is a heterodimer of two peptide chains of 24 and 29 amino acids that are linked by disulfide bridges. It is classified as a peptide hormone.
Structure and Production
In females, relaxin is produced in and secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary and, during pregnancy, the placenta, chorion, and decidua. In males, it is produced in and secreted by the testes. There are three different forms of relaxin: relaxin 1, 2 and 3.
Relaxin’s major role is during pregnancy where it widens the pubic bone, softens the cervix, and relaxes the uterine musculature. It also inhibits contractions of the uterus and may play a role in timing of delivery. Relaxin works by simultaneously cutting collagen production and increasing collagen breakdown.
Another effect of relaxin is the enhancement of angiogenesis. Additionally, it is a potent renal vasodilator.
Pharmacological Uses
There is only one current, common use of synthetic relaxin as a drug. Synthetic relaxin is commonly used to treat scleroderma, a connective tissue disease that causes the skin to become tight and thick. As a drug, relaxin works to improve skin condition, mobility, and function.